Ramón Elías (1929-1981) was the first to give visible form to Paraguayan myths that had lived only in oral storytelling. His museum, in a large house he built himself with antique roof tiles, beams, doors and windows, has three rooms: one of Guarani mythology, featuring the Pombero (a mischievous forest spirit), the Jasy Jatere, the Kurupi, the Luisõ (a werewolf-like figure) and the Teju Jagua; another of Franciscan and Jesuit sacred art; and one of objects from the War of the Triple Alliance and the Chaco War. Ideal for understanding the tales still told in the Paraguayan countryside.

Elías designed the building and oversaw its construction, opening the museum to the public in 1979. He died in a road accident on February 28, 1981, and his wife, Elsa, carried the project forward. His mythological sculptures and masks were exhibited in Paraguay and in Buenos Aires.